Katheer bin Zayd al-Aslami
Name:
كثير بن زيد الأسلمى السهمى ، أبو محمد ابن صافية المدنى ، مولى بنى
سهم من أسلم ( و صافية أمه )
Katheer
bin Zayd al-Aslami as-Sahmi, Abu Muhammad Ibn Saafiyah al-Madani, the Mawla of
Bani Sahm bin Aslam (And Saafiyah is the name of his Mother)
Tabaqah:
Death: 158
H
Narrated by:
Teachers: Ishaaq
bin Abdullah bin Ja’far Abi Taalib, Khaarijah bin Zayd bin Thaabit, Rubayh bin
Abdur Rahmaan bin Abi Sa’eed al-Khudri, Saalim bin Abdullah bin Umar, Sa’eed
bin Abi Sa’eed al-Maqburi, Abdur Rahmaan bin Ka’b bin Maalik, Umar bin Abdul
Azeez, Naafi’ Mawla Ibn Umar, Al-Waleed bin Katheer, Muhammad bin Umar bin Ali
bin Abi Taalib al-Qurashi, Muslim bin Abi Maryam, Waleed bin Rabaah al-Madani
and others.
Students: Haatim
bin Ismaa’eel, Hammaad bin Zayd, Sufyaan bin Hamzah al-Aslami, Sulemaan bin
Bilaal, Abdul Azeez bin Abi Haazim, Abdul Azeez bin Muhammad ad-Daraawardi,
Eesa bin Yoonus, Maalik bin Anas, Muhammad bin Ismaa’eel bin Abi Fudayk,
Muhammad bin Umar al-Waaqidi, Wakee’ bin al-Jarraah, Abu Bakr az-Zubayri, Abu
Bakr al-Hanafi, Abu Aamir al-Aqadi and others.
Status:
Opinions of Ahl ul-Jarh wat Ta’deel:
Those who praised him:
1-
[See,
And this is a
Tawtheeq for Katheer by Imaam Maalik because it is known that he does not
narrate except from the one who is Thiqah according to him.
Imaam Ibn
Hibbaan said about Imaam Maalik:
“وَأعْرض عَمَّن لَيْسَ بِثِقَة فِي الحَدِيث وَلم
يكن يروي إِلَّا مَا صَحَّ وَلَا يحدث إِلَّا عَنْ ثِقَة”
“And he
refrained from those who were not Thiqah in Hadeeth, and he did not narrate
except that which was authentic (according to him) and neither did he narrate
except from Thiqah narrator (according to him)”
[
Imaam Ibn
Abdil Barr said:
“لَا يَضُرُّ إِذَا
كَانَ أَصْلُ مَذْهَبِهِ أَنْ لَا يَأْخُذَ إِلَّا عَنْ ثِقَةٍ كَمَالِكٍ
وَشُعْبَةَ”
“This is not
harmful especially when the asal of his Madhab is not to take narration from
anyone except a Thiqah such as Maalik and Shu’bah”
[
At another
place, he said:
“وَمَالِكٌ لَا يَرْوِي
إِلَّا عَنْ ثِقَةٍ”
“And Maalik
does not narrate except from one who is Thiqah (according to him)”
[
There are many
other similar sayings from the Muhadditheen concerning Imaam Maalik, and they
have also authenticated many narrators just because Imaam Maalik narrated from
them.
2-
“مَا أرى بِهِ بَأْس”
“I do not see anything wrong in him”
[
Note: This
is a phrase of Tawtheeq spoken for someone lower in rank than Thiqah but higher
in rank than Da’eef i.e. this phrase is spoken for someone at least at the
level of Hasan ul-Hadeeth and that is why Muhadditheen have considered it to be
a phrase of Tawtheeq. That is also why, Haafidh Noor ud-Deen al-Haythami said
about Katheer bin Zayd:
“كَثِيرُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ وَثَّقَهُ أَحْمَدُ”
“Katheer bin Zayd is declared Thiqah by Ahmed”
[Majma az-Zawaaid (4/14), (4/66), (5/245), (8/5)]
3- Imaam Muhammad bin Abdullah bin Ammaar al-Mawsali (D. 242) said:
“كثير بن
زيد ثقة”
“Katheer bin Zayd is Thiqah”
[Tahdheeb al-Kamaal (15/357) & Taareekh Dimashq by Ibn
Asaakir (50/24), Chain Saheeh]
4-
“هَذَا حَدِيثٌ صَحِيحٌ وَكَثِيرُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ قَدْ سَمِعَ مِنَ
الوَلِيدِ بْنِ رَبَاحٍ”
“This hadeeth is Saheeh and Katheer bin Zayd has heard directly
from Al-Waleed bin Rabaah”
[
5-
“وَهَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ”
“This hadeeth is Hasan Ghareeb”
[
6- Imaam Abu Ja’far Muhammad bin Jareer at-Tabari (D. 310) declared
a chain containing Katheer bin Zayd to be Saheeh.
Imaam
At-Tabari named a chapter in his book:
“ذِكْرُ
بَعْضِ مَا حَضَرَنَا ذِكْرُهُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ مِمَّا صَحَّ سَنَدُهُ”
“Some of his mention from that
which we received with Saheeh chain”
[Tahdheeb al-Athaar Musnad Umar by at-Tabari (2/790)]
And then he
narrated the hadeeth of Katheer bin Zayd under this chapter, which denotes that
its chain is Saheeh according to him [See, 2/794 H. 1117]
7-
[
8-
[
Imaam Ibn
Hibbaan has also mentioned him in his ath-Thiqaat
[7/354 T.
10411]
9-
“ولم أر بحديثه بأسا وَأَرْجُو أَنَّهُ لا بَأْسَ بِهِ”
“I do not see anything wrong in his hadeeth, and I hope there is
nothing wrong in him”
[
10-
«كَثِيرُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، وَأَبُو عَبْدِ
اللَّهِ الْقَرَّاظُ مَدَنِيَّانِ لَا نَعْرِفُهُمَا إِلَّا بِالصِّدْقِ، وَهَذَا
حَدِيثٌ صَحِيحٌ وَلَمْ يُخَرِّجَاهُ»
“Katheer bin Zayd and Abu Abdullah al-Qarraaz are both Madani,
they are not known except with truthfulness, and this hadeeth is Saheeh and
they did not narrate it”
[
At another
place, he said:
«فَأَمَّا الشَّيْخَانِ فَإِنَّهُمَا لَمْ
يُخَرِّجَا عَنْ كَثِيرِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ وَهُوَ شَيْخٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ مِنْ
أَسْلَمَ كُنْيَتُهُ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ لَا أَعْرِفُهُ يُجْرَحُ فِي الرِّوَايَةِ،
وَإِنَّمَا تَرَكَاهُ لِقِلَّةِ حَدِيثِهِ وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ»
“As for Shaykhayn, they did not narrate from Katheer bin Zayd,
and he is a Shaykh from the people of Madeenah from Aslam, his Kunyah is Abu
Muhammad; I do not know of any criticism in his narration, and he was abandoned
merely because of less number of his narrations, wallahu a’lam”
[
Note:
It should be noted that Imaam Haakim is only Mutasaahil in the Tasheeh (i.e.
Authentication) of narrations, but NOT in doing Jarh and Ta’deel on narrators.
Moreover, he is also followed by the Jumhoor.
Imaam
al-Haakim also authenticated his narrations by saying:
“هَذَا حَدِيثٌ صَحِيحُ الْإِسْنَادِ وَلَمْ يُخَرِّجَاهُ”
“The chain of this hadeeth is Saheeh, and it is not narrated by
them”
[
11-
Abu al-Fadl Muhammad
bin Taahir al-Maqdisi (D. 507) said:
“وَكثير لابأس بِهِ”
“And there is nothing wrong in Katheer”
[
12-
Imaam Abdul Adheem bin
Abdul Qawi al-Mundhiri (D. 656) authenticated his hadeeth saying:
“وَإسْنَاد
أَحْمد جيد”
“And the chain of Ahmed is
strong”
[Al-Targheeb wal Tarheeb (2/143)]
And the chain
of Ahmed (22/425 H. 14563) contains Katheer bin Zayd in it.
At another
place, he authenticated his hadeeth saying:
“رَوَاهُ
أَحْمد بِإِسْنَاد حسن”
“It is narrated by Ahmed with
a Hasan chain”
[Al-Targheeb wal Tarheeb (4/128)]
And the chain
of Ahmed (22/426 H. 14564) contains Katheer bin Zayd.
13-
[
Note:
The authentication of a narration is the authentication of all its narrators.
The details on this issue can be seen HERE.
14-
Haafidh Abdul Mu’min
bin Khalf ad-Dimyaati (D. 705) authenticated his hadeeth saying:
“رواه أحمد
بإسناد حسن”
“It is narrated by Ahmed with
a Hasan chain”
[Al-Matjar ir-Raabih fi Thawaab al-Amal is-Saalih (P. 914 H.
1953)]
15-
“هذا إسنادٌ حسنٌ”
“This chain is Hasan”
[
16-
Imaam Shams ud-Deen
adh-Dhahabi (D. 748) authenticated his hadeeth saying:
“إِسْنَادُهُ صَالِحٌ”
“Its chain is Saalih”
[
Similarly,
while grading another hadeeth of Katheer bin Zayd, Imaam Dhahabi said the same:
“قلت: إِسْنَادُهُ
صَالِحٌ”
“I say: Its chain is Saalih”
[Al-Muhadhdhab fi Ikhtisaar as-Sunan al-Kubra lil Bayhaqi
(4/1683 H. 7316)]
17-
Haafidh Ibn Muflih
al-Hanbali (D. 763) declared a Munfarid narration of Katheer bin Zayd to be “Hasan”
[See,
Al-Aadaab ash-Sharee’ah (1/394)]
Note: Authenticating a
Munfarid narration of a narrator is the same as declaring him reliable, as Imaam
Taqi ud-Deen Ibn Daqeeq ul-Eed rahimahullah (D. 702) said in his book
“Al-Imaam”:
“و أي فرق بين أن يقول: هو ثقة أو يصحح له حديث
انفرد به؟”
“Is there even
a difference between saying ‘He is Thiqah’ and authenticating his Munfarid
hadeeth?”
[Nasb
ur-Raayah by az-Zayla’ee (1/149)]
18-
Haafidh Ibn Katheer
ad-Dimashqi (D. 774) authenticated his hadeeth saying:
“رواه أبو
داود بإسناد حسن”
“Abu Dawood has narrated it
with a Hasan chain”
[Irshaad al-Faqeeh by Ibn Katheer (2/54)]
And the chain
of Abu Dawood (# 3594) contains Katheer bin Zayd.
19-
Haafidh Ibn al-Mulaqqin
authenticated his hadeeth saying:
“إِسْنَاده
حسن مُتَّصِل”
“Its chain is Hasan Connected”
[Al-Badar al-Muneer by Ibn al-Mulaqqin (5/325) & Tuhfat
al-Muhtaaj (2/29)]
And then he
goes on to defend the narrators of the chain including Katheer.
20-
Haafidh Abu al-Fadl
al-Iraaqi (D. 806) authenticated his hadeeth saying:
“أخرجه
أَبُو دَاوُد من حَدِيث أبي هُرَيْرَة بِإِسْنَاد حسن”
“Abu Dawood has narrated it
from the hadeeth of Abu Hurayrah with a Hasan chain”
[Takhreej Ahaadeeth al-Ihyaa by al-Iraaqi (1/639)]
21-
Haafidh Noor ud-Deen
al-Haythami authenticated his hadeeth saying:
“رَوَاهُ
أَحْمَدُ، وَالْبَزَّارُ، وَرِجَالُ أَحْمَدَ ثِقَاتٌ”
“It is narrated by Ahmed and
Bazzaar, and the narrators of Ahmed are all Thiqah”
[Majma az-Zawaaid (4/13)]
And the
narrators of Ahmed (22/425 H. 14563) include Katheer bin Zayd.
22-
“صدوق يخطىء”
“Sadooq makes mistakes”
[
This does not
mean that he is Da’eef according to Ibn Hajar, rather the narrator who has been
declared “Sadooq makes mistakes” by Ibn Hajar; it means that his mistakes are
not in abundance and he is at least a Hasan ul-Hadeeth. This is also proven
through another saying of Haafidh Ibn Hajar.
In Talkhees
al-Habeer, Haafidh Ibn Hajar mentioned a narration of Katheer bin Zayd and said:
“وَإِسْنَادُهُ حَسَنٌ لَيْسَ فِيهِ إلَّا كَثِيرُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ
رَاوِيهِ عَنْ الْمُطَّلِبِ وَهُوَ صَدُوقٌ”
“And its chain is Hasan, there is nothing in it except Katheer
bin Zayd narrating from al-Muttalib, and he is Sadooq”
[
Similarly at another place,
Haafidh Ibn Hajar authenticated his hadeeth, saying:
“هَذَا إِسْنَادٌ صَحِيحٌ”
“This chain is Saheeh”
[
At another
place, he said about Katheer bin Zayd:
“فَحَدِيثه
حسن فِي الْجُمْلَة”
“Thus his hadeeth is Hasan in
entirety”
[Taghleeq at-Ta’deel (3/282)]
At another
place, he authenticated his hadeeth saying:
“أَخْرَجَهُ
أَبُو دَاوُدَ بِإِسْنَادٍ حَسَنٍ”
“It is narrated by Abu Dawood
with a Hasan chain”
[Buloogh al-Maraam (1/460 H. 1549)]
And the chain
of Abu Dawood (4/280 H. 4918) contains Katheer bin Zayd.
23-
“هَذَا إِسْنَاد رِجَاله ثِقَات”
“The narrators of this chain are Thiqaat”
[
Those who criticized him:
1-
“هُوَ صَالح وَلَيْسَ بِالْقَوِيّ”
“He is Saalih and he is not strong”
[
Note: This
type of Jarh is very light and Ghayr mufassar. Haafidh Ibn Hajar has said about
this kind of Jarh that: “This Jarh is very light” [Hadi us-Saari: 2/397].
Moreover, this Jarh is against the Jumhoor.
2-
“هو صدوق فيه لين”
“He is Sadooq, there is leniency in him”
[
Note: This, as well, is
not a Jarh Mufassar, and in fact, it’s the lightest form of Jarh which is
closer to Ta’deel.
3-
“صالح ليس بالقوى يكتب حديثه”
“He is righteous, not a strong narrator, write his narration”
[
Note: Firstly, this
Jarh is against the Jumhoor. These words of Abu Haatim are not acceptable
against the proven Tawtheeq because he is Mutashaddid. He used to say these
words frequently even for the Thiqah narrators.
Imaam Dhahabi said:
“إِذَا وَثَّقَ أَبُو حَاتِمٍ رَجُلاً فَتَمَسَّكْ بِقَولِهِ، فَإِنَّهُ
لاَ يُوَثِّقُ إِلاَّ رَجُلاً صَحِيْحَ الحَدِيْثِ، وَإِذَا لَيَّنَ رَجُلاً، أَوْ
قَالَ فِيْهِ: لاَ يُحْتَجُّ بِهِ، فَتَوَقَّفْ حَتَّى تَرَى مَا قَالَ غَيْرُهُ
فِيْهِ، فَإِنْ وَثَّقَهُ أَحَدٌ، فَلاَ تَبْنِ عَلَى تَجْرِيْحِ أَبِي حَاتِمٍ،
فَإِنَّهُ مُتَعَنِّتٌ فِي الرِّجَالِ ، قَدْ قَالَ فِي طَائِفَةٍ مِنْ رِجَالِ
(الصِّحَاحِ): لَيْسَ بِحُجَّةٍ، لَيْسَ بِقَوِيٍّ، أَوْ نَحْو ذَلِكَ.”
“When Abu
Haatim authenticates a person then hold firm to his saying, for verily he does
not authenticate a person except one who is Saheeh ul-Hadeeth; and when he
weakens a person or says: ‘Evidence is not taken from him’ then abstain from
him until you investigate what others said about him; so if anyone has declared
that person Thiqah then do not adopt the criticism of Abu Haatim for verily he
is strict about narrators; he has said about a group of reliable narrators
that: ‘He is not Hujjah’, ‘He is not strong’, or similar to these”
[Siyar
A’laam al-Nabula by Dhahabi (13/260)]
Imaam Zayla’ee al-Hanafi said:
قَوْلُ أَبِي حَاتِمٍ:
لَا يُحْتَجُّ بِهِ، غَيْرُ قَادِحٍ أَيْضًا، فَإِنَّهُ لَمْ يَذْكُرْ السَّبَبَ،
وَقَدْ تَكَرَّرَتْ هَذِهِ اللَّفْظَةُ مِنْهُ فِي رِجَالٍ كَثِيرِينَ مِنْ أصحاب
الثِّقَاتِ الْأَثْبَاتِ مِنْ غَيْرِ بَيَانِ السَّبَبِ، كَخَالِدٍ الْحَذَّاءِ،
وَغَيْرِهِ، وَاَللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ.
“The saying of
Abu Haatim: ‘Evidence is not taken from him’ is not harmful as well, for verily
he does not mention the reason; he has repeatedly used this phrase for numerous
reliable and established narrators without mentioning the reason such as
Khaalid al-Khada and others, wallahu a’lam”
[Nasb
ur-Raayah by Zayla’ee (2/439)]
4-
“كثير بن زيد ضَعِيف”
“Katheer bin Zayd is Da’eef”
[
Note: Imaam Nasaa’ee is
also among the Mutashaddideen (Strict ones), and his Jarh is against the
Jumhoor as well, therefore, unacceptable.
5-
[
Note: It should be
noted that Imaam Ibn al-Jawzee is known for his extreme strictness. Imaam
Dhahabi said about his book “Ad-Du’afa”:
“وقد أورده أيضا العلامة أبو الفرج ابن الجوزي في
"الضعفاء"، ولم يذكر فيه أقوال من وثقه، وهذا من عيوب كتابه، يسرد الجرح
ويسكت عن التوثيق”
“And
al-Allaamah Abu al-Faraj Ibn al-Jawzee has also mentioned him in Ad-Du’afa but
he did not mention any sayings of Tawtheeq in it, and this is one of the
defects of his book, he brings only the Jarh and remains silent from the
Tawtheeq”
[Meezaan
al-I’tidaal (1/16)]
Contradictory Opinions:
The following saying is
contradictory and is thus neutral.
Imaam Ibn Abi Khaythamah
narrated that Imaam Yahya ibn Ma’een said:
“ليس بذاك القوي... ليس بشيء”
“He is not strong… he is nothing”
[
While Abdullah bin Ahmed bin
Ibraaheem ad-Dauraqi narrated from Imaam Yahya bin Ma’een that he said:
“ليس به بأس”
“There is nothing wrong in him”
[
And Ibn Abi Maryam that Imaam
Yahya ibn Ma’een said:
“كثير بن زيد ثقة”
“Katheer bin Zayd is Thiqah”
[
Opinion of the Famous Contemporaries:
1- After the mentioning the speech of Muhadditheen concerning
Katheer, Muhaddith ul-Asr Allaamah Naasir ud-Deen al-Albaani said:
“فمثله حسن
الحديث إن شاء الله تعالى”
“Thus the likes of him are
Hasan ul-Hadeeth, in-shaa-Allaah Ta’ala”
[Irwaa al-Ghaleel (5/143)]
At another
place, he said:
“قلت: فهو
حسن الحديث إن شاء الله ما لم يخالف”
“I say: Thus he is Hasan
ul-Hadeeth in-shaa-Allaah in which he does not oppose (others)”
[Silsilah al-Ahaadeeth as-Saheehah (3/121)]
2- Ash-Shaykh al-Muhaddith al-Kabeer, Al-Allaamah Abu Ishaaq
al-Huwaynee said about one of his hadeeth:
“إسناده
حسن، والحديث صحيح”
“Its chain is Hasan and the
Hadeeth is Saheeh”
At another
place, he said:
“كثير بن
زيد مختلف فيه، ولا بأس به كما قال أحمد وغيره”
“Katheer bin Zayd is differed
upon, and there is nothing wrong in him as said by Ahmed and others.”
[Bazl al-Ihsaan (1/170)]
3- Shaykh Ahmed bin Muhammad bin Shaakir authenticated his hadeeth
saying:
“إسناده
صحيح”
“Its chain is Saheeh”
[Tahqeeq al-Musnad (3/65)]
4- Shaykh Abdul Muhsin al-Abbaad said:
“أثنى عليه
عدد من الأئمة، وتضعيفه لم يأت مفسراً؛ لأن الذين ضعفوه جاء التضعيف عنهم مجملاً،
وقد قال الحافظ في التقريب: صدوق يخطئ، فمثله يحسن حديثه.”
“A number of A’immah have
praised him, and his tad’eef is not Mufassar for verily those who weakened him
narrated Mujmal tad’eef; and Haafidh Ibn Hajar has said about in al-Taqreeb:
‘Sadooq makes mistakes’ thus the hadeeth of his likes is Hasan”
[Sharh Sunan Abi Dawood by al-Abbaad (7/587)]
5- The authors of Tahreer Taqreeb at-Tahdheeb said:
“صدوق حسن
الحديث”
“He is Sadooq, Hasan
ul-Hadeeth”
6- Shaykh Irshaad ul-Haqq al-Athari authenticated his hadeeth
saying:
“إِسْنَاده
حسن”
“Its chain is Hasan”
[Tahqeeq Musnad al-Siraaj (128, 129, 490, 514)]
7- Shaykh Zubayr Ali Za’ee authenticated his hadeeth saying:
“إِسْنَاده
حسن”
“Its chain is Hasan”
[Tahqeeq Sunan Ibn
Maajah (428 etc)]
At another
place, he said:
“كثير بن
زيد حسن الحديث”
“Katheer bin Zayd is Hasan
ul-Hadeeth”
[Tahqeeq Sunan Abi Dawood (4/850-851 H. 5173)]
Conclusion:
Katheer bin Zayd is Sadooq Hasan
ul-Hadeeth.
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