Name:
عكرمة بن عمار العجلي أبو عمار اليمامي
Ikrimah bin Ammaar
al-Ijlee Abu Ammaar al-Yamaami
Tabaqah: Five (5) –
One of the young taabi’een
Death: 159 H.
Narrated by: Al-Bukhaari
Ta’leeqan – Muslim – Abu Dawood – Tirmidhi – Nasaa’ee – Ibn Maajah
Teachers: Al-Harmaas
bin Ziyaad, Tawoos, Saalim, Ataa, Yahya bin Abi Katheer, and others.
Students: Yahya
al-Qattaan, Ibn Mahdi, Abul Waleed, Sufyaan Thawree, Shu’bah bin al-Hajjaaj,
Nadar bin Shameel, Yazeed bin Abdullah bin Yazeed bin Maimoon bin Mihraan,
Mu’aadh bin Mu’aadh al-Anbari, and others.
Status: Thiqah
Thabat. Da’eef and Mudtarib when narrates from Yahya bin Abi Katheer, and also
a Mudallis.
Opinions of Ahl ul-Jarh wat-Ta’deel:
Those who praised him:
1- Imaam
Bukhaari took narrations from him in his Saheeh for Istish-haad (Support).
[Books of Rijaal]
2- Imaam Muslim
authenticated him by taking evidence from him in his Saheeh. [H. 31, 99, 114,
240, 285, 310, 770, 832, 1036, 1057, 1479, 1548, 1754, 1755, 1763, 1777, 1807,
1989, 2021, 2491, 2603, 2747, 2765, 2905, 2993]
3- Imaam Ali
Ibn al-Madeeni was asked about Ikrimah, so he said: “He is Thiqah Thabat
according to our Ashaab” [Sawalaat Ibn Abi Shaybah li Ibn al-Madeeni: 1/133]
4- Imaam
Ad-Dauri heard Imaam Yahya ibn Ma’een saying: “Ikrimah bin Ammaar is Thiqah” [Taareekh
Ibn Ma’een: 4/123]
Imaam Yahya
ibn Ma’een also said: “He
is Sadooq, there is nothing wrong in him” [al-Jarh wat Ta’deel: 7/11,
Chain Saheeh]
5- Imaam Wakee’
bin al-Jarraah said: “He
is Thiqah”
[Taareekh Baghdaad: 14/185; Al-Jarh wat Ta’deel: 1/228, Chain Saheeh]
6- Imaam Ahmed
bin Saalih al-Misri said:
“Ikrimah
is Thiqah thus take evidence from him and from his saying”
[Ath-Thiqaat by Ibn Shaaheen: 1/177, Chain: not known]
·
Imaam Abu Dawood as-Sijistaani is
reported to have said that: “Ikrimah is Thiqah… and there is Idtiraab in his ahadeeth from
Yahya bin Abi Katheer” [Sawalaat al-Ajurri: 1/378]
Note: The chain of
this saying is weak, because Ajurri is not proven to be Thiqah, he is Majhool
ul-Haal.
7- Imaam Abu
Haatim ar-Raazi said: “He
is Sadooq make mistakes, and commits tadlees, and there many wrong things in
his ahadeeth from Yahya bin Abi Katheer” [Al-Jarh wat Ta’deel: 7/11]
8- Imaam Daaraqutni
narrated a hadeeth narrated by Ikrimah and said: “This Isnaad is Thaabit Saheeh” [Sunan Daaraqutni:
1/191 H. 379]
Moreover,
al-Barqaani asked Imaam Daaraqutni about Ikrimah, so he said: “He is Thiqah” [Sawalaat
al-Barqaani: 1/56]
9- Imaam
al-Ijlee mentioned him in his book of thiqah narrators and said: “He is Taabi’ee,
Thiqah”
[Ath-Thiqaat: 1/339]
10-
Imaam Ibn Hibbaan mentioned him
in his book of thiqah narrators. [5/233]
Ibn Hibbaan
also narrated many narrations from him in his Saheeh.
11-
Imaam Haakim al-Nisaaboori
narrated a hadeeth narrated by Ikrimah and said: “Its Isnaad is Saheeh” [Mustadrak
al-Haakim: 2/48, 2/578, 2/677, 3/470, 4/516 – Imaam Dhahabi also followed him]
12-
Imaam Abu Ahmed bin Adee
al-Jarjaani said: “He
is Mustaqeem ul-Hadeeth when a Thiqah narrates from him” [Al-Kaamil
by Ibn Adee: 6/486]
13-
Imaam Ibn Shaaheen mentioned him
in his book of weak narrators and said: “There is nothing wrong in Ikrimah bin Ammaar, he is Sadooq”
[Ath-Thiqaat: 1/177]
14-
Imaam Muhammad bin Abdullah bin
Ammaar al-Mawsali said: “Ikrimah
bin Ammaar is Thiqah according to them (Muhadditheen), Ibn Mahdi has narrated
from him. I did not hear anything except good about him”
He further
said:
“Ikrimah
bin Ammaar is the Shaikh of Yamaamah, and he is Athbat (more thiqah, Thabat)
than Mulaazim bin Amr” [Taareekh Baghdaad: 14/185, Chain Saheeh]
15-
Imaam Abul Hassan Ibn al-Qattaan
al-Faasi said: “He
is Sadooq Haafidh, except that he had a lot of Wahem (doubts) in his hadeeth
from Yahya bin Abi Katheer, as for when he narrates from others then there is
nothing wrong in him” [Bayaan al-Wahem wal Ayhaam: 3/144]
16-
Abdur Rahmaan bin Yusuf bin
Kharaash said: “Ikrimah
bin Ammaar is Sadooq, there is Nakarah in his hadeeth, Shu’bah, Sufyaan, Yahya
and Abdur Rahmaan narrated from him” [Taareekh Baghdaad: 14/185, Ibn Kharaash is
weak]
17-
Imaam Ibn Sabooni, Jamaal ud-Deen
al-Mahmoodi [D, 680 H] said: “Ikrimah bin Ammaar is one of the Thiqah narrators, Muslim bin
Hajjaaj has taken evidence from his hadeeth” [Takallimah Ikmaal ul-Ikmaal fi
al-Ansaab wal Asmaa wal Alqaab: 1/55]
18-
Imaam Nawawi narrated a hadeeth
narrated by Ikrimah and said: “Its Isnaad is Saheeh, it contains Ikrimah bin Ammaar, there is
dispute in taking evidence from him, and Muslim has taken evidence from him in
his Saheeh” [Khulaasah al-Ahkaam: 2/735]
19-
Haafidh Ibn al-Mulaqqin narrated
a hadeeth narrated by Ikrimah and said: “Its chain is Saheeh according to the conditions of
Saheeh Muslim” [Badar ul-Muneer: 4/548]
20-
Haafidh Busayri narrated a
hadeeth narrated by Ikrimah and said: “All the narrators in its chain are Thiqaat” [Ithaaf al-Khayrah:
2/193]
21-
Muhammad bin Taahir al-Maqdisi
said about Ikrimah: “They
(Muhadditheen) have done his tawtheeq” [Dhakheerat ul-Huffaadh: 3/1410]
22-
Imaam Dhahabi said: “Ikrimah bin Ammaar is
Thiqah except in his narrations from Yahya bin Abi Katheer in which he is
Mudtarib”
[Al-Kaashif: 2/33]
Imaam
Dhahabi also said: “He
is Al-Haafidh al-Imaam” [Siyar A’laam al-Nabula: 6/558]
Imaam
Dhahabi also mentioned him in his book of those narrators who have been criticized
but they are thiqah according to him. [See: Man Takallam feehi Wahuwa Mawthaq:
1/137]
Imaam
Dhahabi narrated a hadeeth narrated by Ikrimah and said: “Its chain is Hasan” [Tanqeeh
ut-Tahqeeq by Dhahabi: 1/18]
23-
Haafidh Ibn Rajab al-Hanbali
said: “Ikrimah
bin Ammaar is Thiqah, but his ahadeeth from Yahya bin Abi Katheer are
specifically Mudtarib, he did not possess a book” [Sharh
Illal al-Tirmidhi]
24-
Sabt Ibn al-Ajmi said: “He is Imaam Thiqah” [Al-Kashf al-Hatheeth:
1/192]
25-
Imaam Ibn Hajar al-Asqalaani
said: “He
is one of the Imaams” [Lisaan al-Mizaan: 7/308]
He said in
Taqreeb [4688] that: “He
[Ikrimah] is Sadooq, have things wrong (sometimes – which does not effect his
reliability), and there is Idtiraab in his narrations from Yahya bin Abi
Katheer, and he did not possess a book”
Haafidh Ibn
Hajar narrated a hadeeth narrated by Ikrimah and said: “Its chain is Saheeh” [Al-Diraayah:
1/312]
26-
Allaamah Ibn al-Turkamaani
al-Hanafi said: “Imaam
Muslim has taken evidence from him, and Imaam Bukhaari has narrated from him in
support (Istish-haad, in his Saheeh), Ibn Khuzaymah, and Ibn Hibbaan have took
narrations from him in their Saheeh, and Haakim has taken narrations from him
in al-Mustadrak. Muhammad bin Uthmaan said that I heard Ali bin al-Madeeni, he
was asked about Ikrimah bin Ammaar so he said, ‘He is Thiqah Thabat according to
our companions’, and Wakee’ and Ijlee have declared him Thiqah” [al-Johar
al-Naqi: 1/134]
·
Abdur Rahmaan al-A’dhami
al-Deobandi narrated many of his ahadeeth to be authentic by saying: “Its chain is Hasan”
and once he said regarding a hadeeth of Ikrimah that “Its chain is Hasan on the
conditions of Muslim” [Ta’leeq of al-A’dhami on Saheeh Ibn Hibbaan]
Those who criticized
him:
1- Imaam Ahmed
bin Hanbal said: “His
ahadeeth from Ayyaas bin Salamah are Saalih, and his ahadeeth from other than
him are Mudtarib” [Al-Illal wa Ma’rifat ur-Rijaal: 1/379]
Imaam Ahmed
also said: “The narration of Ikrimah bin Ammaar and
Ayyoob bin Utbah from Yahya bin Abi Katheer are Da’eef” [Illal
al-Hadeeth fi Saheeh Muslim: 1/83, ad-Du’afa al-Kabeer by Ukaylee: 3/378, Chain
Saheeh]
2- Imaam Yahya
bin Sa’eed al-Qattaan was asked about the ahadeeth of Ikrimah from Yahya bin
Abi Katheer, he weakened them. [Illal al-Hadeeth fi Saheeh Muslim: 1/83]
3- Imaam
Bukhaari said: “He
is Mudtarib in the hadeeth of Yahya bin Abi Katheer, and he did not have a
book”
[Taareekh Baghdaad: 12/272]
4- Imaam
Bayhaqi said: “His
memory got deteriorated at the end of his age, and his memory got weak, so (due
to that) he narrated things which are not followed” [Sunan
al-Kubra: 8/303]
Note: The issue of
Ikhtilaat will be discussed at the end.
5- Imaam
Muhammad bin Abi al-Husayn al-Harwi said: “Ikrimah’s hadeeth from Yahya (bin Abi Katheer) is
Mudtarib”
[Illal al-Hadeeth fi Saheeh Muslim: 1/82]
6- Imaam Ibn
Hazm al-Andalusi said: “Ikrimah
is Da’eef” [Al-Muhalla: 6/82]
Ikrimah
bin Ammaar and Tadlees
1- Imaam Abu
Haatim said he commits tadlees. [Al-Jarh wat Ta’deel: 5/11]
2- Haafidh
al-‘Alaa’ee mentioned him among the Mudallis narrators. [Al-Mudalliseen: Pg
108]
3- Haafidh Ibn
Hajar al-Asqalaani mentioned him among the third level of Mudalliseen.
[Tabaqaat ul-Mudalliseen: 3/88]
4- Haafidh
Jalaal ud-Deen as-Suyooti mentioned him among the Mudallis narrators. [Asmaa
ul-Mudalliseen: 1/75]
5- Sabt ibn
al-Ajmi mentioned him among the Mudallis narrators. [Al-Tabiyeen al-Asmaa
ul-Mudalliseen: 1/43]
6- Imaam Abu
Zur’ah Ibn al-Iraaqi mentioned him among the Mudallis narrators. [Al-Mudalliseen:
1/73]
7- Al-Khazraji
mentioned him among the Mudallis narrators. [Al-Tadlees wal Mudallisoon: 7/87]
Ikrimah
bin Ammaar and Ikhtilaat
The Jarh of Ikhtilaat upon Ikrimah from Imaam
Bayhaqi is wrong and rejected. The details are as follows:
Imaam Bayhaqi said:
“His memory got deteriorated at the
end of his age, and his memory got weak, so (due to that) he narrated things
which are not followed” [Sunan al-Kubra: 8/303]
In another place, Imaam Bayhaqi said:
“Al-Bukhaari abandoned him, and he
did not take evidence from Ikrimah bin Ammaar in his Saheeh, and he said, ‘He
did not have a book thus he is Mudtarib in hadeeth’” [Al-Sunan
al-Kubra: 7/140]
If you notice on the last saying of Imaam
Bayhaqi, here, Imaam Bayhaqi is narrating from Imaam Bukhaari that:
“He did not have a book thus he
had idtiraab in his hadeeth”
Perhaps, from this statement, Imaam Bayhaqi
thought that Ikrimah bin Ammaar might have had a book before and he would have
been Saheeh ul-Hadeeth then, but later his book got lost or wasted, so when he
started narrating without book he got confronted with Idtiraab. That’s why
Imaam Bayhaqi said at the end that, his memory got deteriorated at the end.
Well, we do not know where did Imaam Bayhaqi
take this Jarh of Imaam Bukhaari regarding Ikrimah from? Because such words of
Jarh are not proven from Imaam Bukhaari regarding Ikrimah, In fact the original
words of Imaam Bukhaari are different than what Imaam Bayhaqi narrated, and
they are:
Khateeb Baghdaadi narrated from Ibn al-Fadal
from Ali bin Ibraaheem from Abu Ahmed bin Faaras from al-Bukhaari, who said:
“Ikrimah bin Ammaar, Abu Ammaar al-Ijlee al-Yamaani
is Mudtarib in the hadeeth
of Yahya bin Abi Katheer, and he did not have a book…” [Taareekh
Baghdaad: 12/256, Chain Saheeh]
Notice that here, the words of Imaam Bukhaari
are:
“He is Mudtarib in the hadeeth of
Yahya bin Abi Katheer, and he did not have a book”
These words clearly prove that Imaam Bukhaari
only declared that hadeeth of Ikrimah to be Mudtarib which he narrated from
Yahya bin Abi Katheer, and he did not put the accusation of Ikhtilaat upon him
at all.
The words with which Imaam Bayhaqi has
narrated the Jarh of Imaam Bukhaari is not proven from him. Therefore, If
Ikrimah is declared Mukhtalat based on this Jarh of Imaam Bukhaari then it is
not correct.
Moreover, even if the above mentioned reason
is not the actual reason of why Imaam Bayhaqi declared Ikrimah a Mukhtalat,
then still the Jarh of Imaam Bayhaqi is rejected anyway.
Because, before Imaam Bayhaqi, no one among
the criticizers of Ikrimah accused him of Ikhtilaat, not even one! Rather all
the criticizers have done a specific and restricted Jarh on Ikrimah for a
specific reason. In this condition, no Tatbeeq is possible between the
restricted criticisms of other Muhadditheen and the criticism of Ikhtilaat from
Imaam Bayhaqi. Therefore, the Jarh of Imaam Bayhaqi, against the Jumhoor
Muhadditheen, is unworthy.
Conclusion:
Conclusion:
Ikrimah bin Ammaar is Thiqah Thabat except in his narrations from Yahya bin Abi Katheer. And Ikrimah is a Mudallis as well.
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