Name:
مُبَارَكُ
بنُ فَضَالَةَ بنِ أَبِي أُمَيَّةَ القُرَشِيُّ العَدَوِيُّ، أَبُو فَضَالَةَ البَصْرِيِّ
Mubaarak bin Fadaalah bin Abi Umayyah al-Qurashi
al-Adawi, Abu Fadaalah al-Basri
Tabaqah: 6 – From the
Contemporaries of Minor Taabi’een
Death: 166 H
Narrated by:
Al-Bukhaari Ta’leeqan – Abu Dawood – Tirmidhi – Ibn Maajah
Teachers: Bakr bin
Abdullah al-Muzani, Thaabit al-Bunaani, Habeeb bin Abi Thaabit, Hasan al-Basri,
Humayd at-Ta’weel, Abdullah bin Muslim bin Yasaar, Abd Rabbih bin Sa’eed,
Abdullah bin Abi Bakr bin Anas bin Maalik, Abdullah bin Umar al-Umri, Ali bin
Zayd bin Jud’aan, Hishaam bin Urwah, Yoonus bin Ubayd, Abdullah bin Muhammad
bin Aqeel bin Abi Taalib al-Qurashi, Muhammad bin az-Zubayr at-Tameemi, and
others.
Students: Ibraaheem
bin Humayd at-Ta’weel, Bahz bin Asad, Sulemaan bin Harb, Abdullah bin
al-Mubaarak, Affaan bin Muslim as-Saffaar, Abu Nu’aym al-Fadl bin Dukayn, Wakee’
bin al-Jarraah, Abu Dawood at-Tiyaalsi, Abu al-Waleed at-Tiyaalsi, Mu’ammal bin
Ismaa’eel al-Qurashi and others.
Status: Thiqah,
Mudallis
Opinions of Ahl ul-Jarh wat Ta’deel:
Those who praised him:
1- Imaam Affaan bin Muslim said:
“He is Thiqah”
[Al-Jarh wat Ta’deel: 8/339, Chain Saheeh]
2- Imaam Abu Zur’ah ar-Raazi
said: “He commits a lot of Tadlees, therefore (only)
when he says Haddathana (i.e. affirming his sama), he is Thiqah”
[Al-Jarh wat Ta’deel: 8/339]
He also said: “I
don’t think he narrated anything from him (i.e. Khubayb bin Abdur Rahmaan)”
[Al-Maraaseel by Ibn Abi Haatim: 1/223]
3- Imaam Abu Haatim ar-Raazi
said: “He is more beloved to me than Ar-Rabee’
bin Sabeeh”
[Al-Jarh wat Ta’deel: 8/339]
He also said: “A
group of people from Basrah narrate from Anas while they did not hear from him,
Mubaarak bin Fadaalah is among them”
[Al-Maraaseel by his son Ibn Abi Haatim: 1/223]
4- Imaam Abu Eesa at-Tirmidhi
authenticated his hadeeth in al-Sunan
[H. 2018, 2594]
5- Imaam Abu Bakr al-Bazzaar
said: “There is nothing wrong in his hadeeth; a
lot of people of knowledge have narrated from him”
[Musnad al-Bazzaar: 9/111]
6- Imaam Abu al-Hasan al-Ijlee
said: “He is Basri, there is nothing wrong in
him”
[Thiqaat: 1/419]
7- Imaam Ibn Adee said: “I think his normal narrations are Mustaqeem”
[Al-Kaamil: 8/26]
8- Imaam Abu Awaanah
authenticated his hadeeth in his Saheeh
[H. 5570]
9- Imaam Ibn Hibbaan mentioned
him in his book of Thiqah narrators and said: “He
(sometimes) commits mistakes”
[Thiqaat: 7/501]
Ibn Hibbaan also authenticated and narrated his ahadeeth
in his Saheeh
[H. 566, 792, 2834, 2988, 2991, 4516, 4756, 5285,
6085, 6164, 6435, 6507, 6521, 6613, 6964]
10-
Imaam Abu Abdullah al-Haakim said: “Mubaarak
bin Fadaalah is from the people of Zuhd (austerity) and Ilm (knowledge) wherein
the likes of him do not harm (the authenticity of a hadeeth), except that the
Shaykhayn did not narrate from him because of his (slight) weakness of memory”
[Mustadrak: H. 1423]
At another place, he authenticated his hadeeth
saying: “Its chain is Saheeh”
[Al-Mustadrak: H. 1423, 4368, 4379, 7323, 7339]
At another place, he authenticated his hadeeth to
be on the conditions of Muslim
[H. 1501]
11-
Imaam Zaya al-Maqdisi authenticated his hadeeth in al-Mukhtaarah by
narrating from him
[H. 219, 1452 etc]
12-
Imaam Dhahabi said: “He is al-Haafidh
al-Muhaddith as-Saadiq al-Imaam… from the Kibaar (Major) Ulama of Basrah….. He
is Hasan ul-Hadeeth”
[Siyar A’laam al-Nabula: 7/281-284]
13-
Haafidh Ibn Katheer authenticated his hadeeth saying: “Its chain is Jayyid”
[Musnad al-Faarooq: 2/497]
14-
Haafidh al-Haythami said: “The Majority has
done his tawtheeq”
[Majma az-Zawaaid: 1/54]
At another place, he said: “He is Thiqah but he is Mudallis”
[Same: 1/96]
At another place, he said: “His hadeeth is Hasan”
[4/257]
Haythami also has a Marjooh opinion concerning
this narrator
[See, Majma az-Zawaaid: 8/202]
15-
Haafidh Ibn Hajar al-Asqalaani said: “He is
Sadooq”
[Taqreeb: 6464]
At another place, Haafidh Ibn Hajar authenticated
his hadeeth saying: “Its chain is Jayyid”
[Fath ul-Baari: 13/25]
At another place, he authenticated his hadeeth
saying: “Its chain is Saheeh”
[Fath ul-Baari: 10/383; & Mukhtasar
al-Bazzaar: 1/664]
16-
Badr ud-Deen Aynee al-Hanafi authenticated one of his hadeeth saying: “Its chain is Hasan”
[Umdat ul-Qaari: 22/62]
Those who criticized
him:
1- Imaam Abdur Rahmaan bin Mahdi
said: “We did not narrate anything from Mubaarak
except that in which he said ‘I heard al-Hasan’ (i.e. affirming his sama)”
[Ad-Du’afa al-Ukaylee: 1816, Chain Saheeh]
2- Al-Marwazi said, I asked Abu
Abdullah (Imaam Ahmed bin Hanbal) about Mubaarak bin Fadaalah and Abu Hilaal so
he said: “They both are close to each other,
they both are ‘Laysa Bidhaaka’”
[Al-Ilal by Ahmed, narrated by al-Marwazi: 1/55]
3- Imaam Abu Abdur Rahmaan
al-Nasaa’ee said: “He is Da’eef”
[Ad-Du’afa wal Matrokeen by Nasaa’ee: 1/98]
4- Imaam Abu Ja’far al-Ukaylee
mentioned him in ad-Du’afa
[4/224 T. 1816]
5- Ibraaheem bin Ya’qoob al-Juzjaani
said: “Al-Mubaarak bin Fadaalah and Ar-Rabee’
bin Sabeeh, their hadeeth is weakened, they are not from the people of Thabat”
[Ahwaal ur-Rijaal: 203]
6- Imaam Abu al-Hasan
ad-Daaraqutni said: “Mubaarak bin Fadaalah is
Layyin, Katheer ul-Khataa, Basari, Yu’tabar bihi”
[Su’aalaat al-Barqaani li’d-Daaraqutni: 1/64]
7- Imaam Abu Bakr al-Bayhaqi
said: “Evidence is not taken from him”
[Sunan al-Kubra lil Bayhaqi: 8/110 H. 16092]
8- Haafidh Ibn al-Jawzee
mentioned him in ad-Du’afa
[3/33]
Note: The weakness of
Mubaarak attributed to Imaam Ali ibn al-Madeeni is not proven with an authentic
chain.
Contradictory Opinions:
The following saying is contradictory, thus neutral.
1- Imaam Yahya ibn Ma’een said: “He is Da’eef, he is similar in weakness to Ar-Rabee’ bin
Sabeeh”
[Al-Ilal by Ahmed, narrated by Abdullah bin Ahmed:
3/10]
Then in another place, he said: “He is Thiqah”
[Taareekh Ibn Ma’een by ad-Dauri: 4/83]
Mubaarak
bin Fadaalah & Tadlees
1- Imaam Yahya bin Sa’eed
al-Qattaan said: “We wrote from Mubaarak bin
Fadaalah in that time” and he said: “And
we did not accept anything from him except that in which he said: Haddathana,
Akhbarna (i.e. affirmed his sama)”
[Taareekh Baghdaad: 15/279, Hasan]
Note: This saying proves that what is narrated concerning Imaam Yahya that he
would not narrate from Mubaarak is incorrect and based on the personal
observation of the observer; whereas this saying of Imaam Yahya al-Qattaan
himself proves the opposite.
Moreover, this saying also proves that Imaam Yahya
al-Qattaan also considered Mubaarak to be a Mudallis and did not accept those
narrations from him in which he did not affirm his hearing.
It is also narrated that Imaam Yahya al-Qattaan
used to praise Mubaarak
[See, Al-Jarh wat Ta’deel: 8/339, Chain Saheeh]
1- Imaam Ahmed bin Hanbal said: “Mubaarak commits Tadlees”
[Ad-Du’afa by al-Ukaylee: 1816]
2- Imaam Bukhaari said: “There is a lot of tadlees from him”
[Taareekh al-Kabeer: 3/279 T. 952]
3- Imaam Abu Zur’ah ar-Raazi
said: “He commits a lot of Tadlees, therefore (only)
when he says Haddathana (i.e. affirming his sama), he is Thiqah”
[Al-Jarh wat Ta’deel: 8/339]
4- Imaam Dhahabi said: “He commits Tadlees”
[Deewaan ad-Du’afa: 1/335]
5- Haafidh Ibn Hajar
al-Asqalaani has mentioned him in third level of Mudalliseen
[See, Tabaqaat al-Mudalliseen with Fath ul-Mubeen:
P. 60]
In al-Taqreeb, Haafidh Ibn Hajar has mistakenly
said that: “He used to commit Taswiyah (a severe
kind of Tadlees)”
[6464]
However, this saying of Ibn Hajar is not proven
from anywhere that Mubaarak used to commit Tadlees Taswiyah. On the contrary
the likes of, Abu Zur’ah have said that when he affirms his hearing then he is
Thiqah – which clearly denotes that his tadlees is not from the type of
Taswiyah (in which case a Mudallis has to affirm the hearing of each narrator
in the chain, besides his Shaykh).
Shaykh Albaani has said that: “Al-Haafidh has
erred in describing Al-Mubaarak with Tadlees Taswiyah, and certainly whenever
this narrator affirms his hearing from his Shaykh then he is Hasan ul-Hadeeth,
wallahu a’lam”
[Silsilah as-Saheehah: 1/952]
Moreover, Shaykh Zubayr Ali Za’ee said in his
Tahqeeq of Tabaqaat al-Mudalliseen that: “The saying of al-Haafidh that he
commits Taswiyah is wrong in my Tahqeeq, wallahu a’lam”
[Fath ul-Mubeen: P. 60]
6- Haafidh al-Alaa’ee has also
mentioned him among the Mudalliseen
[Jaami al-Tahseel: P. 108]
7- Similarly, Abu Zur’ah Ibn
al-Iraaqi (50)
8- Al-Suyooti (48)
9- Al-Halabi (P. 46)
10-
Al-Maqdisi
11-
And Al-Dameeni (3/152) have all mentioned Mubaarak to be among the Mudallis
narrators in their books of Mudalliseen.
Conclusion:
Mubaarak bin Fadaalah is Sadooq Hasan ul-Hadeeth according to the Jumhoor
and he is also a Mudallis. However, Tadlees Taswiyah is not proven from him.
Therefore, his narrations in which he affirms his hearing from his Shaykh are
Hasan and those in which he doesn’t then they are Da’eef in the absence of
Shawaahid or Mutaabi’aat.
Wallahu a’lam!
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