Name:
قَتَادَةُ بنُ دِعَامَةَ بنِ قَتَادَةَ بنِ عَزِيْزٍ السَّدُوْسِيُّ
أَبُو الخَطَّابِ البَصْرِيُّ
Qataadah bin Di’aamah bin
Qataadah bin Azeez as-Sadoosi, Abu al-Khattaab al-Basari
Birth: 60
or 61 H
Tabaqah: 4
– From the level next to the Middle level of Taabi’een
Death: 100
and some H in Waasit
Narrated by:
Bukhaari – Muslim – Abu Dawood – Tirmidhi – Nasaa’ee – Ibn Maajah
Teachers:
Anas bin Maalik, Hasan al-Basari, Humayd bin Abdur Rahmaan bin Awf, Sa’eed bin
al-Musayyab, Shahr bin Hawshab, Aamir ash-Sha’bee, Abdullah bin Buraydah, Ataa
bin Abi Ribaah, Ikrimah Mawla Ibn Abbaas, Amr bin Deenaar, Amr bin Shu’ayb,
Muhammad bin Sireen, Abu Ishaaq as-Sabi’ee, and many others.
Students:
Ayyoob as-Sakhtiyaani, Hajjaaj bin Artaat, Humayd at-Ta’weel, Hammaad bin
Salamah, Sa’eed bin Abi Aroobah, Sulemaan al-A’mash, Shu’bah bin al-Hajjaaj,
Abdur Rahmaan bin Amr al-Awzaa’ee, Layth bin Sa’d, and many others.
Status:
Thiqah Thabat, & Mudallis – The narration of Shu’bah from him is Saheeh
even if he narrates with An.
Opinions of Ahl ul-Jarh
wat Ta’deel:
1- Imaam Bukhaari narrated about 278 narrations from him in his
Saheeh
2- Imaam Muslim narrated about 298 narrations from him in his
Saheeh
3- Imaam Ibn Sa’d said: “He is Thiqah Ma’moon, Hujjah in
Hadeeth”
[Tabaqaat Ibn
Sa’d: 6/229]
4- Amr bin Abdullah said: Qataadah entered upon Sa’eed ibn
al-Musayyab for a few days and he would ask him abundant questions (about
narrations etc) so Sa’eed once said to him: “Have you memorized everything that
you asked from me?” He replied: “Yes, I asked you about such and such and you
answered with such and such, and I asked you about such and such and you
answered with such and such, and Hasan answered with such and such” until he
repeated several ahadeeth to him. (Imaam) Sa’eed said: “I could not imagine
that Allaah has even created a person like you!”
[Tabaqaat Ibn
Sa’d: 7/230, Chain Hasan]
5- Imaam Bakr bin Abdullah al-Muzani said: “Whoever wishes to
see the biggest Haafidh of his time then he should look at Qataadah, thus we
did not meet anyone a bigger Haafidh than him”
[Hilyat
al-Awliya: 2/333, Al-Jarh wat Ta’deel: 7/133, Chain Saheeh]
6- Imaam Ibn Sireen said: “Qataadah is the biggest Haafidh of
all people”
[Al-Jarh wat
Ta’deel: 7/134, Chain Saheeh]
7- Imaam Yahya bin Sa’eed al-Qattaan said: “Qataadah was a
Haafidh, whenever he heard something he would secure it.”
[Al-Jarh wat
Ta’deel: 7/134, Chain Saheeh]
8- Imaam Abdur Rahmaan bin Mahdi was asked about Humayd at-Ta’weel
(Thiqah Imaam), so he replied: “Qataadah is a bigger Haafidh than fifty (50)
people like Humayd combined”
[Al-Jarh wat
Ta’deel: 7/134, Chain Saheeh – Imaam Abu Haatim said, Ibn Mahdi has said the
truth]
9- Imaam Abu Haatim ar-Raazi said that: “I heard (Imaam) Ahmed
bin Hanbal mentioning Qataadah; he used to praise the knowledge, Fiqh, Ma’rifah
al-Ikhtilaaf (the awareness of differences), Tafseer, and Memory of Qataadah”.
And he said, “There are many few who would exceed from Qataadah, as for similar
to him then it is possible.”
[Al-Jarh wat
Ta’deel: 7/134-135, Chain Saheeh]
10-
Imaam Yahya ibn Ma’een
said: “He is Thiqah”
[Al-Jarh wat
Ta’deel: 7/135, Chain Saheeh]
Imaam
ad-Daarimi once asked Imaam Yahya ibn Ma’een that: “Is Zuhri more beloved to
you in narrating from Sa’eed bin al-Musayyab or Qataadah?” He replied: “Both
of them”
[Taareekh Ibn
Ma’een, narrated by ad-Daarimi: T. 16]
11-
Imaam Abu Haatim
ar-Raazi said: “The most frequent (in narrating) among the companions of
Hasan (al-Basari) is Qataadah, and the most firm of the companions of Anas is
Zuhri then Qataadah”
[Al-Jarh wat
Ta’deel: 7/135]
12-
Imaam Abu Zur’ah
ar-Raazi said: “Qataadah is the best of all companions of Hasan (al-Basari)”
[Al-Jarh wat
Ta’deel: 7/135]
13-
Imaam Al-Ijlee said: “He
is Thiqah” [Thiqaat: 45].
14-
Imaam Ibn Hibbaan
mentioned him in his book of Thiqah narrators and said: “He is from the
Scholars of people in Qur’aan and Fiqh, and he is from the Huffaadh of his
time…”
[5/322]
15-
Imaam Daaraqutni said: “He
is Thiqah” [Al-Tatabbu’: 492]
16-
Haafidh Nawawi said: “There
is a unanimous consensus on his greatness, trustworthiness, memory,
austereness, and his virtues”
[Tahdheeb
al-Asmaa wal Lughaat: 2/57]
17-
Imaam Dhahabi said: “He
is Haafidh ul-Asr, He is the leader of Mufassireen and Muhadditheen”
[Siyar A’laam
al-Nabula: 5/269-270]
He also said: “He
is Hujjah with consensus (Ijmaa) when he affirms his hearing”
[Siyar A’laam al-Nabula:
5/271]
18-
Ibn Hajar said: “He
is Thiqah Thabat” [Taqreeb]
Maraaseel Qataadah
Imaam Qataadah is also known to
commit a lot of Irsaal. As Haafidh al-‘Alaa’ee said: “He is frequent in
doing Irsaal”
[Jaami at-Tahseel: 1/254]
He would narrate from some
people whom he did not meet; therefore, his narration from those people is
Mursal and Munqati’. The list of the narrators from whom his hadeeth is
considered Mursal, is as follows.
1- Bishr bin al-Muhtafir al-Basari
Imaam Bukhaari
said: “He did not meet Bishr bin al-Muhtafir”
[Taareekh
al-Kabeer by al-Bukhaari: Vol. 2 T. 1752]
2- Habeeb bin Saalim al-Ansaari, Mawla al-Nu’maan bin Basheer
Imaam Yahya
ibn Ma’een said: “Qataadah has narrated from Habeeb bin Saalim, but I do not
think he met him”
[Taareekh Ibn
Ma’een by ad-Dauri: Vol. 2 T. 3583]
3- Humayd bin Abdur Rahmaan bin Awf
Imaam Yahya
bin Sa’eed al-Qattaan said, Shu’bah or other than him said: “Qataadah did
not hear from Humayd bin Abdur Rahmaan”
[Al-Maraaseel
by Ibn Abi Haatim: 170]
The same was
narrated by Ishaaq bin Mansoor from Yahya bin Ma’een
[Al-Maraaseel:
171]
4- Zahdam bin Mudarrib al-Azdi al-Jarmi, Abu Muslim al-Basari
Imaam Bukhaari
said: “I am not aware of the sama of Qataadah from Zahdam al-Jarmi”
[Tarteeb Ilal
at-Tirmidhi al-Kabeer: P. 75]
5- Sulemaan bin Qays al-Yashkari
Imaam Yahya
ibn Ma’een said: “Qataadah did not hear from Ibraaheem an-Nakha’ee and
Sulemaan al-Yashkari”
[Taareekh Ibn
Ma’een, narrated by ad-Dauri: 2/484]
Imaam Bukhaari
said: “He did not hear from Sulemaan al-Yashkari”
[Tarteeb Ilal
at-Tirmidhi al-Kabeer: P. 54]
6- Sulemaan bin Yasaar
Harb bin
Ismaa’eel narrated from Imaam Ahmed bin Hanbal that: “Qataadah did not hear
from Sulemaan bin Yasaar, there is the link of Abu al-Khaleel between them”
[Al-Maraaseel:
171]
Ishaaq bin
Mansoor asked Imaam Yahya ibn Ma’een whether Qataadah heard from Sulemaan bin
Yasaar or not? He replied: “No”
[Al-Maraaseel:
172]
7- Sinaan bin Salamah bin al-Muhabbiq al-Hudhali
Ibn al-Junayd
said to Yahya ibn Ma’een that Yahya bin Sa’eed al-Qattaan claimed that Qataadah
did not hear from Sinaan bin Salamah… so Imaam Yahya ibn Ma’een replied: “And
who is doubting it, Qataadah did not hear from him neither did he meet him”
[Su’aalaat Ibn
al-Junayd: P. 20]
8- Aamir bin Sharaaheel ash-Sha’bee
Imaam Ya’qoob
bin Sufyaan al-Faarsi said: “Qataadah neither heard from Sa’eed bin Jubayr
nor from Ash-Sha’bee”
[Al-Ma’rifah
wal Taareekh: 2/124]
Imaam Yahya
ibn Ma’een said: “He (i.e. Qataadah) went to Sha’bee to seek knowledge from
him, but he did not find him”
[Taareekh
ad-Dauri: 2/484]
9- Abdullah bin Buraydah
Imaam Bukhaari
said: “The sama of Qataadah is not known from Abu Buraydah”
[Taareekh
al-Kabeer by al-Bukhaari: Vol. 4 T. 1797]
Imaam Abu
Haatim ar-Raazi said: “Qataadah did not hear from any Sahaabi except Anas and
Abdullah bin Sarjis”
[Al-Maraaseel:
175]
Imaam Ahmed
bin Hanbal said: “I do not know of Qataadah narrating from any Sahaabi
except Anas radiallah anhu” It was said: “What about Ibn Sarjis?” as
if he thought that he did not hear from him.
[Al-Maraaseel:
168]
10-
Mujaahid bin Jabar
al-Makki
Imaam Yahya
ibn Ma’een said: “He did not meet Sa’eed bin Jubayr, Mujaahid and Sulemaan
bin Yasaar”
[Su’aalaat Ibn
al-Junayd: P. 26]
Imaam Ya’qoob
bin Sufyaan said: “Qataadah did not hear anything from Mujaahid”
[Al-Ma’rifah
wal Taareekh: 2/124]
Imaam Ahmed
bin Hanbal said: “Qataadah did not hear from Mujaahid, there is the link of
Abu al-Khaleel between them”
[Al-Maraaseel:
171]
11-
Muslim bin Yasaar
al-Basari al-Makki
Ishaaq bin
Mansoor asked Imaam Yahya ibn Ma’een whether Qataadah heard from Muslim bin
Yasaar or not, he replied: “No”
[Al-Maraaseel:
172]
12-
Yahya bin Ya’mar
al-Basari
Imaam Ahmed
bin Hanbal said: “Qataadah did not hear anything from Yahya bin Ya’mar”
[Al-Ma’rifah
wal Taareekh: 2/141]
13-
Nufay’, Abu Raafi as-Saai’
al-Madani
Imaam Ahmed
bin Hanbal said, Shu’bah (bin al-Hajjaaj) said: “Qataadah did not hear
anything from Abu Raafi’” Imaam Ahmed said, between him and Abu Raafi’ is
Halaas and Hasan
[Al-Ilal wa
Ma’rifat ur-Rijaal: 1/188]
14-
Abu Sa’eed al-Khudri
Imaam Abdur
Rahmaan bin Abi Haatim said, I heard my Father (Abu Haatim ar-Raazi) saying: “He
did not meet anyone from the companions of the Prophet except Anas and Abdullah
bin Sarjis” Imaam Ibn Abi Haatim said: “He did not mention Abu at-Tufayl
because he was a child in the period of Prophet (peace be upon him)”
[Al-Jarh wat
Ta’deel: Vol. 7 T. 756]
15-
Imraan bin Husayn
Imaam Abu
al-Hajjaaj al-Mizzi said: “He did not hear from him”
[Tahdheeb
al-Kamaal fi Asmaa ur-Rijaal lil Mizzi: 23/502]
16-
Abu Qilaabah al-Jarmi
Imaam Yahya
ibn Ma’een said: “He did not hear from Abu Qilaabah; he only narrated from
the Saheefah of Abu Qilaabah”
[Taareekh
ad-Dauri: 2/484]
Imaam Ya’qoob
bin Sufyaan said: “Qataadah did not hear anything from Abu Qilaabah”
[Al-Ma’rifah
wal Taareekh: 2/124]
And the same
was said by Imaam Ahmed bin Hanbal
[See,
Al-Ma’rifah wal Taareekh: 2/141]
17-
Mu’aadhah bint Abdullah
Al-Adawiyyah
Imaam Yahya
ibn Ma’een said: “(The narration of) Qataadah from Abu Mu’aadhah is not
Saheeh”
[Al-Maraaseel:
174]
18-
Abu al-Aaliyah, Rufay’
bin Mihraan ar-Riyaahi al-Basari
Imaam Shu’bah
bin al-Hajjaaj said: “Qataadah did not hear from Abu al-Aaliyah except three
narrations” Imaam Ali ibn al-Madeeni asked Yahya al-Qattaan to mention
those narrations, so he said: “(1) The saying of Ali that Judges are of
three types, (2) the hadeeth of Yoonus bin Matti (i.e. Prophet said, don’t say
I am better than Yoonus), and (3) the hadeeth, there is no prayer after Asr”
[Al-Ma’rifah
wal Taareekh: 2/148 & Muqaddimah Al-Jarh wat Ta’deel: 127]
19-
Tawoos bin Kaysaan
Haafidh Ibn
Hajar said, that Al-Bazzaar said: “He neither heard from Tawoos nor Zuhri”
[Tahdheeb
at-Tahdheeb: 8/355-356]
And the same
is said for Abu Thumaamah ath-Thaqafi and Abu Abdullah al-Jadli
[Same]
Imaam Qataadah and Tadlees
Besides committing a lot of
Irsaal, Imaam Qataadah bin Di’aamah also used to commit a lot of Tadlees
1- While criticizing a hadeeth, Ameer ul-Mu’mineen fil hadeeth,
Imaam Bukhari said: “Narrated by Hammaam from Qataadah from Abu Nadrah from
Abu Sa’eed radiallah anhu… and Qataadah did not mention his sama (proof of
hearing) in this hadeeth from Abu Nadrah”
[Juzz
al-Qira’at: P. 30 H. 70]
This proves
that Qataadah was proven to be a Mudallis according to Imaam Bukhaari.
2- Haafidh Ibn Hibbaan mention him in Kitaab ath-Thiqaat and said: “And
he used to commit Tadlees”
[5/322]
3- Imaam al-Haakim said: “Despite his greatness, Qataadah used
to commit Tadlees”
[Al-Mustadrak:
1/233]
4- Haafidh Dhahabi said: “He (Qataadah) is Haafidh, Thiqah
Thabat, but he was a Mudallis".
[Meezaan
al-I’tidaal: 3/385]
5- Imaam ad-Daaraqutni also declared Qataadah to be a Mudallis
[See,
Al-Ilzaamaat wal Tatabbu: P. 263]
Besides these, the following
Scholars also declared him a Mudallis:
6- Haafidh Ibn Hajar [Tabaqaat al-Mudalliseen: 3/92]
7- Allaamah al-Halabi [Al-Tabiyeen: 46]
8- Abu Mahmood al-Maqdisi [Al-Qaseedah: 2]
9- Haafidh al-Alaa’ee [Jaami at-Tahseel: P. 108]
10-
Al-Khazraji
[Al-Khulaasah lil Khazraji: P. 315]
11-
Ibn as-Salaah
al-Shahrazoori [Muqaddimah Ibn as-Salaah ma’ al-Taqiyeed wal Aydhaah: P. 99]
12-
Abu Zur’ah Ibn
al-Iraaqi [Kitaab al-Mudalliseen: 49]
13-
As-Suyooti [Asmaa man
Arafa bi’t-Tadlees: 43]
14-
Khateeb al-Baghdaadi
[al-Kifaayah: P. 363]
15-
Al-Haakim [Ma’rifah
Uloom al-Hadeeth P. 103]
16-
Al-Maardeeni [al-Johar
al-Naqi: 2/498, 7/126]
17-
Al-Aynee [Umdat
ul-Qaari: 1/261]
18-
Nawawi [Sharh Saheeh
Muslim: 1/209, 172]
19-
And Ibn Abdil Barr
[Al-Tamheed: 3/307] – Rahimahumullah
Whatever, Haafidh Ibn Hazm has
written against this issue [Al-Ahkaam: 2/141, 142] is Mardood
Yahya bin Katheer al-Anbari
said: “Shu’bah narrated to us a hadeeth of Qataadah which he narrated from
Sa’eed bin Jubayr from Ibn Umar that the Prophet prohibited the Nabeedh of
pitcher.” Shu’bah said to Qataadah: “Where did you hear it from?” He said:
“Ayyoob as-Sakhtiyaani narrated it to me.” Shu’bah said: “So I went to Ayyoob
and asked him about it, so he said: Abu Bishr has narrated it to me” Shu’bah
said: “Then I went to Abu Bishr and asked him about it, so he said I heard this
from Sa’eed bin Jubayr from Ibn Umar from the Prophet: that he prohibited the
Nabeedh of Pitcher”
[Muqaddimah al-Jarh wat Ta’deel:
P. 169, Chain Saheeh]
This narration clearly proves
that Qataadah was a Mudallis. He has dropped two narrators from this chain.
The Narration of Shu’bah
from Qataadah
Even though Qataadah was a
Mudallis and his narration narrated with the expression “An” is Da’eef, but if
the one narrating from Qataadah in a chain is “Shu’bah bin al-Hajjaaj” then his
narration is authentic even if he narrated with “An”. This is because Imaam Shu’bah
bin al-Hajjaaj only narrated those narrations from Qataadah which he directly
heard from his Shuyookh.
Imaam Shu’bah himself has said: “I
used to observe the mouth of Qataadah. Whenever he would say ‘Sami’tu (I heard)’
or ‘Haddathana (he narrated to us)’ then I would preserve it. And whenever he
said: ‘Narrated so and so (without affirming his Sama’)’ then I would leave it”
[Muqaddimah al-Jarh wat Ta’deel:
P. 169, Chain Saheeh]
This saying is also present in
the following books with chain:
Saheeh Abu Awaanah [2/38],
Kitaab al-Ilal wa Ma’rifat ur-Rijaal by Imaam Ahmed [2/228], Al-Muhaddith
al-Faasil [P. 522, 523], Al-Tamheed by Ibn Abdil Barr [1/35], Al-Kifaayah lil Khateeb
[P. 363], Taareekh Uthmaan bin Sa’eed ad-Daarimi An Yahya ibn Ma’een [P. 192 T.
703], Bayhaqi [Ma’rifat us-Sunan wal Athaar: 1/17]
Imaam Shu’bah bin al-Hajjaaj
also said: “I am sufficient for you concerning the Tadlees of Three people:
Al-A’mash, Abu Ishaaq, and Qataadah”
[Mas’alah at-Tasmiyah by
Muhammad bin Taahir al-Maqdisi P. 47, Chain Saheeh]
Based on many other similar
examples, Muhadditheen have declared Qataadah to be a Mudallis. Thus, his
narration narrated with “An” is Da’eef until one finds the confirmation of Sama’,
a reliable Mutaabi’, or if the one narrating from him is Shu’bah.
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